专家提示：贵州疫情已达流行高峰并进入平台期，如何做好个人防护→******url:https://m.gmw.cn/2023-01/04/content_1303244036.htm,id:1303244036
1月4日，记者从省政府新闻办召开的贵州省新冠病毒感染疫情防控工作新闻发布会上获悉，现阶段贵州省疫情已达流行高峰，进入平台期，感染人数将会逐步下降。
“但即将到来的春运、春节，大量外出务工人员返乡，人员流动频繁，聚集活动增多，节假日聚集性疫情以及1月8日‘乙类乙管’后入境新冠病毒感染人员引发的疫情流行不容忽视，疫情形势依然复杂严峻，防控形势依旧不容乐观。”省疾控中心党委副书记、主任杨光红说。
为进一步削峰压峰，杨光红提示大家，在日常生产生活中，应遵守如下防疫规定：
一是符合接种条件的人群应做好新冠病毒疫苗接种。
二是强化“每个人都是自己健康的第一责任人”意识，加强个人防护，科学佩戴口罩，做好手卫生；外出时与他人保持安全距离，不去人群密集、通风不良的场所，尽量减少参加聚会、聚餐等聚集性活动。
三是做好自我健康监测，如出现发热、干咳、乏力、咽痛等症状，密切监测健康状况；出现症状加重时，及时去医疗机构就诊。同住人员感染时，其他人员应做好个人防护，加强症状监测。
四是保持生活规律和充足睡眠，注意咳嗽礼仪；做好居室、工作场所等区域通风换气和清洁消毒，物品保持干净整洁，及时清理垃圾。
此外，春节将至，杨光红也对群众日常生活中，以及春节返乡和春节期间的个人防护，做出了相应提示。
针对日常个人防护，杨光红表示，一是积极接种疫苗，科学佩戴口罩，勤洗手，注意咳嗽礼仪，少聚集。二是保持规律作息、锻炼身体、多喝水、健康饮食、良好心态等健康生活方式。三是居家和工作场所定时开窗通风。做好居室日常卫生。四是出差或旅行前，关注目的地疫情流行情况，做好出行计划。
针对春节返乡个人防护，一是有返乡计划人员，提前准备充足的口罩、免洗手消毒剂等防护物资。二是符合接种条件人群，尽快完成全程接种和加强免疫。三是返乡途中乘坐飞机、火车、地铁、公共汽车、空调大巴等交通工具时，要全程规范佩戴口罩，注意手卫生等个人防护。四是返乡后尽量减少聚餐聚会等人群聚集性活动。
针对走亲访友个人防护，一是应提前接种疫苗，科学佩戴口罩，勤洗手，注意咳嗽礼仪，少聚集。二是坚持科学佩戴口罩，勤洗手，保持安全社交距离、遵守咳嗽礼仪、不随地吐痰等常态化防控措施，即使“阳康”后，也要做好个人防护。三是老人、孩子、有慢性病和孕产妇等重点人群，应尽量不安排远行，减少外出走亲访友，尽量不参加多人聚会，避免前往人员密集场所。四是如果出现发热、咳嗽等症状，应居家，不外出，尽可能减少与家人接触，不接待亲友探访，不走亲访友。
“若感染者为未合并严重基础疾病的无症状感染者、轻型病例，采取居家自我照护。”针对感染者居家期间的相关注意事项，杨光红建议：
感染者居家期间，尽可能待在通风较好、相对独立的房间，减少与同住人员近距离接触，如条件允许使用单独的卫生间。避免与同住人员共用餐具、毛巾、床上用品等日常生活用品。
非必要不外出，避免前往人群密集的公共场所，不参加聚集性活动。如需外出，应全程佩戴口罩。
可根据相关指南合理使用对症治疗药物，做好自我健康监测，尤其老年人、慢性基础疾病患者、孕妇、儿童和伤残人士等特殊人群要密切关注自身健康状况，必要时及时就诊。陪护人员尽量固定，首选身体健康，完成全程疫苗接种及加强接种的人员。
做好居室台面、门把手、电灯开关等接触频繁部位及浴室、卫生间等共用区域的清洁和消毒。使用常规家用清洁产品并按说明使用，注意清洁剂和消毒剂的安全存放。
撰文摄影：贵州日报天眼新闻记者 周雅萌 岳端 周梓颜 陈祖嘉 旷光彪 陈豪
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。
因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。
日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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